Supersaturation Problem for Color-Critical Graphs

The \emph{Tur\'an function} \ex(n,F) of a graph $F$ is the maximum number of edges in an $F$-free graph with $n$ vertices. The classical results of Tur\'an and Rademacher from 1941 led to the study of supersaturated graphs where the key question is to determine $h_F(n,q)$, the minimum number of copies of $F$ that a graph with $n$ vertices and \ex(n,F)+q edges can have. We determine $h_F(n,q)$ asymptotically when $F$ is \emph{color-critical} (that is, $F$ contains an edge whose deletion reduces its chromatic number) and $q=o(n^2)$. Determining the exact value of $h_F(n,q)$ seems rather difficult. For example, let $c_1$ be the limit superior of $q/n$ for which the extremal structures are obtained by adding some $q$ edges to a maximum $F$-free graph. The problem of determining $c_1$ for cliques was a well-known question of Erd\H os that was solved only decades later by Lov\'asz and Simonovits. Here we prove that $c_1>0$ for every {color-critical}~$F$. Our approach also allows us to determine $c_1$ for a number of graphs, including odd cycles, cliques with one edge removed, and complete bipartite graphs plus an edge.Comment: 27 pages, 2 figure

The Erd\H{o}s-Rothschild problem on edge-colourings with forbidden monochromatic cliques

Let $\mathbf{k} := (k_1,\dots,k_s)$ be a sequence of natural numbers. For a graph $G$, let $F(G;\mathbf{k})$ denote the number of colourings of the edges of $G$ with colours $1,\dots,s$ such that, for every $c \in \{1,\dots,s\}$, the edges of colour $c$ contain no clique of order $k_c$. Write $F(n;\mathbf{k})$ to denote the maximum of $F(G;\mathbf{k})$ over all graphs $G$ on $n$ vertices. This problem was first considered by Erd\H{o}s and Rothschild in 1974, but it has been solved only for a very small number of non-trivial cases. We prove that, for every $\mathbf{k}$ and $n$, there is a complete multipartite graph $G$ on $n$ vertices with $F(G;\mathbf{k}) = F(n;\mathbf{k})$. Also, for every $\mathbf{k}$ we construct a finite optimisation problem whose maximum is equal to the limit of $\log_2 F(n;\mathbf{k})/{n\choose 2}$ as $n$ tends to infinity. Our final result is a stability theorem for complete multipartite graphs $G$, describing the asymptotic structure of such $G$ with $F(G;\mathbf{k}) = F(n;\mathbf{k}) \cdot 2^{o(n^2)}$ in terms of solutions to the optimisation problem.Comment: 16 pages, to appear in Math. Proc. Cambridge Phil. So

A new bound for the 2/3 conjecture

We show that any n-vertex complete graph with edges colored with three colors contains a set of at most four vertices such that the number of the neighbors of these vertices in one of the colors is at least 2n/3. The previous best value, proved by Erdos, Faudree, Gould, Gy\'arf\'as, Rousseau and Schelp in 1989, is 22. It is conjectured that three vertices suffice

On the Maximum Number of Edges in a Hypergraph with a Unique Perfect Matching

In this note, we determine the maximum number of edges of a k-uniform hypergraph, k\u3c3, with a unique perfect matching. This settles a conjecture proposed by Snevily

On the Maximum Number of Edges in a Hypergraph with a Unique Perfect Matching

In this note, we determine the maximum number of edges of a k-uniform hypergraph, k\u3c3, with a unique perfect matching. This settles a conjecture proposed by Snevily

Eccentricity of networks with structural constraints

The eccentricity of a node v in a network is the maximum distance from v to any other node. In social networks, the reciprocal of eccentricity is used as a measure of the importance of a node within a network. The associated centralization measure then calculates the degree to which a network is dominated by a particular node. In this work, we determine the maximum value of eccentricity centralization as well as the most centralized networks for various classes of networks including the families of bipartite networks (two-mode data) with given partition sizes and tree networks with fixed number of nodes and fixed maximum degree. To this end, we introduce and study a new way of enumerating the nodes of a tree which might be of independent interest

Eccentricity of networks with structural constraints

Fannie Simmons - wifehttps://stars.library.ucf.edu/cfm-ch-register-vol18/1609/thumbnail.jp